Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Hospitality Management Industries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3
Hospitality Management Industries - Essay Example The owners of these multi- ethnic restaurants employ restaurant concept known as â€Å"The Whole World on a Plate†concept to run and manage their businesses. This paper, therefore, describes the various components of â€Å"The whole world on a plate†concept, and how it resonates with my personality. â€Å"The whole world on a plate†concept provides a strategy of pilling flavors from different ethnic communities onto a single plate (Enz 67). While many Americans still seek spicy food, it is a fact that the American cuisine taste has been significantly influenced by Old European cuisines like Greek, German, French and Scandinavian (Enz 67). This has led to greater popularity and recognition of many ethnic foods, in most American societies. About 75 percent of Americans is familiar with Indian soul food, Spanish cuisines, Chinese cuisines, French Creole, and German Cajun, amongst other ethnic dishes. The evolving taste of Americans has created a demand for mixed flavors onto a single dish. In this case, different ethnic dish are carefully mixed, in small potions, and served as a single dish. A bite of tarragon mayonnaise, carrot kimchee, and a sandwich of chipotle pork chop burnt with sugar glaze, from these restaurants, leaves a flavor of nixed tastes (Enz 74). Some of th e dishes served in these restaurants include Berry pies from England, rice pudding from Germany, pasta salad from New York, and Russian apple pie (Enz 73). â€Å"The whole world on a plate†concept is mostly applicable for running Casual Restaurants. This is because the mode of serving is casual and the dishes served are cheap. However, buffet style services are deliverable upon request (Enz 116). Casual restaurants cater for both clientele, who dine at the up market, and those who are regulars at the fast food joints. This positions restaurants serving ethnic dishes between fast food joints and up market restaurants. The
Monday, October 28, 2019
The Ultimate Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy Essay Example for Free
The Ultimate Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy Essay The Ultimate Hitchhiker’s Guide is the collection of five books in one novel. A combination of clever wits and hilarity, this book is sure to let you laugh out loud. This book brings simple things into extraordinary packages (like making a fuss about a digital watch and a bath towel). The book, although written in a sharp and notable style is also full of humor.            The story is a parody, which is a form of writing that uses the conventions and rules of one form and uses them for hilarity or comic effect. It can be distinguished from satire form because satire just points out human folly and reforms them, while parody is in the style of writing itself.            One of the most noticeable themes in The Ultimate Hitchhiker’s Guide is the absurdity of the story. Things in the story happen randomly without meaning or cause. Although absurdity is one of the major themes of the story, most of the random meaningless things that occur in the story actually have meanings – they are the product of the Infinite Improbability Drive on the Starship Heart of Gold. The absurdity of the themes allows the author to introduce oddities in the story. The Author            Douglas Noel Adams, also known as Bop Ad and DNA, was an author, a radio dramatist and a musician all rolled into one. He is well known for his work, The Hitchhikers’s Guide to the Galaxy, which is a series that began on the radio, and was later on developed into a trilogy of five books, a television series, a towel, a comic book series, a computer game, and a feature film. (Douglas Adams)            Adams also wrote Doctor Who, Dirk Gently, Liff, and Last Chance to See. The idea of the computer game Starship Titanic also originated from Douglas Adams. (Douglas Adams)            Furthermore, he was also known as an environmental activist, actively participating in the campaign for the preservation and the restoration of the environment. He was also a self-described â€Å"radical atheist†, and a certified techie (he loves cars, cameras, Macintosh computers, and other gizmos). He even uses the electronic mail and the Usenet long before it was widely known. (Douglas Adams)            He died at the age of 49 and has been an institution in the field of fantasy fandom circles and science fiction. (Douglas Adams) Characters Arthur Dent – the feeble lead character of the story who never fails to give hilarious stand-ups with his sidekick Ford Prefect Ford Prefect – a daring, researcher of the revised edition of the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy who considered himself as an out of the work actor; he dragged Arthur Dent and together, they travel the galaxy using the Hitchhiker’s Guide Zaphod Beeblebrox – the totally out to lunch president of the galaxy; a two-headed, three armed ex-hippie Trillian – formerly known as Tricia Mcmillan; girlfriend of Zaphod whom Arthur tried to hook up with in one of the galaxy’s time zone Marvin – a brilliant, obsessed, and sequentially depressed robot Veet Voojagig – a graduate student who is very much obsessed with ball-point pens’ disappearance Slartibartfast – the one who told Arthur the Earth’s story Deep Thought – the extremely intelligent computer Benjy Moouse and Frankie Mouse – the mice that tried to get Arthur’s brain from him Slartibartfast – the Earth’s designer, who is very proud to receive an award for his design of the Norwegian fords  Protetnic Vogon Jeltz – the commander of the Vogon Construction Fleet; the one who assigned to demolish the Earth Eddie – the annoyingly cheerful computer on board the Heart of Gold Flook – one of the computer programmers who programmed Deep Thought Summary The story begins when Arthur Dent wakes up just to discover a bulldozer about to tear down his house because someone is planning to build a galactic freeway. He went out and lies in front of the bulldozer saying that he doesn’t know of the plans until the day before. Moments before a cosmic construction team demolish the Earth to build a galactic freeway; Arthur Dent is dragged off the planet by his daring friend Ford Prefect, a researcher for the book, The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy. As they journey through the endless and unknowable space, they literally wreak hilarious havoc. Ford always carries with him the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, a book which contains the so-called ‘guide’ to one’s travel in the universe. In it are the words â€Å"don’t panic†, written in a â€Å"large and friendly letters†. Ford, following what is written on the book, also carries with him a large bath towel believing that it is the â€Å"most massively useful thing an interstellar hitchhiker can have.†In this part of the story, we can see that the nature of things on Earth is very much universal. Meanwhile, Marvin, Zaphod Beeblebrox and his girlfriend Trillian are traveling inside a new traveling ship (Heart of Gold), stolen by Zaphod. They bumped with Arthur and Ford Prefect in the universe vacuum. Together, they journey towards a mythical planet known as Magrathea. This planet is known to construct other planets and for some reasons unknown to all of them, Zaphod wanted to visit this planet. (Zaphod forgets some things because he conditioned his two brains to do such). Finally, the Heart of Gold landed to the planet they all want to go – Magrathea. They decided to explore the place first and when they notice that the impact created by their space ship resulted to open the planet’s crust to reveal underground networks of tunnels. They decided to go inside the tunnel while leaving Arthur and Marvin behind. While inside the tunnel, they suddenly realized that the door behind them were shut and the place they are in are beginning to be filled with gas. On the other hand, while Arthur waits for the others to return, he reads the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, particularly a part where it discusses what happens to a lost biro (a ball-point pen). An elderly man named Slartibartfast suddenly appeared into the view introducing himself to Arthur. He then asked Arthur to come with him in his air car. Slartibartfast took Arthur into the place were they make luxury planets. He also told Arthur that they are now rebuilding a planet called Earth and that Earth is a custom-made luxury planet. Slartibartfast works in Norway and so he was very upset to hear that the planet was destroyed. Moreover, he was told that the original Earth was actually commissioned, and was supposedly to be run entirely by mice. But the most unacceptable fact of all is that human beings are just part of a research program. Slartibartfast then started to tell Arthur the Earth’s tale. He told him that the millions of years ago, a particular race of very intelligent creatures were all set to determine the very meaning of life. Because of this, they created an extremely intelligent computer called ‘The Deep Thought’. Two of its programmers, Lunkwill and Fook ask Deep Thought to tell them the answer to the real meaning of everything. Deep Thought then told them that in seven and a half million years, the Question will be answered. Arthur was very much awed by the story but he tells him that he really have no idea what the connection is between the Earth, the computer and the mice. Slartibartfast then invited Arthur to his study and showed him the day of the Great Answer – seven and a half million years later. Arthur was plunged into the Sens-O Tape, a kind of tape that would take you to your requested time. A lot of people were waiting for the answer when Deep Thought then revealed that the answer to their Ultimate Question of Life is the Number Forty Two. Arthur then notices that the people doesn’t like Deep Thought’s answer, and the intelligent computer, justifying himself, told them that the problem is actually not with the answer, but with the question. If the people only find out what the real question is, they would be able to understand the answer. Unfortunately for the people, Deep Thought cannot provide them with the answer, but it offered help by saying that the he will design a very intelligent computer which can give them the answer. And that computer will be called The Earth. Meanwhile, on the other side of the story, Trillian and Ford listen to Zaphod as he tries to remember what happened to his brain. He then remembered that before Yooden Vranx, the former President of the Universe died, he visit Zaphod and asked him to run for the Presidency and steal the Heart of Gold. He also told Zaphod to modify his own brain so that he will pass the Presidential Brain Screening Test (this test will show all the things the candidates are thinking). At that moment, a Magrathean man tells them that the mice are now willing to see them. Arthur and Slartibartfast, on the other hand, are contemplating about the Earth’s destruction, as well as the fact that it happened five minutes juts before the computer program was completed. A man then appeared on the view and asked Arthur to meet the mice. The mice wanted to meet him because he was on Earth the night before the destruction happened and maybe he can tell him something really important. Arthur and Slartibartfast then met up with Trillian, Ford and Zaphod at the design room. Two mice, Benjy mouse and Frankie mouse, were the mice present at the meting. The mice decided that since Arthur was on Earth five minutes before the destruction, the structure of his brain can tell them the Ultimate Question. They offer to surgically remove it for him but Arthur doesn’t want to cooperate so the mice, together with the other Margatheans went down to get Arthur’s brain. The situation was almost hopeless for Arthur and his friends when an ear splitting alarm distracts all of them. Because of this, the four travelers use the distraction to get out. But the cops from the space ship with the ear splitting sound then cornered the four travelers but they soon found themselves again so lucky when they once again escaped. After the hard-won escape, they all then decided to take a bite at a restaurant located at the very end of the universe. Analysis            The whole story almost revolves on looking for the Ultimate Question, which is the real meaning of life. It is an inescapable fact that whatever happens, and whatever time or era or place in space it is, the question of the real meaning of life never fails to haunts us all.            The story may be simple, even comical, but that doesn’t stop it from bringing us closer to the Ultimate Question about life. Why we live, the reason why we are here, the purpose of our existence, these are just some of the questions where we will find time to look for the answer.            It was also mentioned in the story how important the great question is. Notice that the First Earth was destroyed but they still want to build another Earth for them to know what the real meaning of life is.            Notice that the story never mentioned the real answer to this question. This is because it is really close to impossible for us to know what life really is all about. It is up to each and every one of us to find the answer for ourselves.            The absurd simplicity of the answer (number 42) to the question also makes the story interesting. Just imagine if Deep Thought gave a much serious answer, it wouldn’t be as interesting as it was.            It is also safe to note that the author actually uses mice as the creatures which, according to the story can control all human beings. It is an ultimate change because it is very rare, and that more often than not, human beings are always in control. Maybe it is just a representation how important every creation on Earth is. â€Å"Bureaucracy and incompetence continue to show up as a central theme alongside random, improbable coincidence. It is beginning to sound a bit like Chaos theory, which holds that order can be found in seemingly random data. One aspect of chaos theory is a phenomenon called sensitive dependence on existing conditions. The thought is that small changes in initial conditions can have drastic effects on the outcome. Douglas Adams Hitch Hiker series could be considered in some ways a humorous study of Chaos theory.†(Adams, 2005) Zaphod’s character can also remind us of today’s world leaders – leaders who do not tell their real motive of running for the position. Although his character is really kind, it is an indication that outside forces (like the former president) can turn a good leader to someone he is not. It is also interesting to note how Ford appreciates the way human beings speak of the obvious. Saying â€Å"It’s a nice day†when the weather is perfect, just says how we want to state what we often see.  It also states that a need to communicate with others is necessary because taken from what Ford said, human beings should have someone to talk to. Where they can tell what they are thinking, to show appreciation and affirmation. Furthermore, Marvin’s character (the robot) also tells us how human beings are fascinated with creating something that can help us make our lives easier. Take for example the case of the robot. Just imagine something that doesn’t sleep and doesn’t eat but can be able to do physical things an average human beings cannot do. But just like Marvin, it also tells us that robots can also make a lot of mistakes and that human beings are the ones who can really think for themselves. There is something called the Infinite Improbability Drive which is considered as the â€Å"engine†of the starship Heart of Gold. This is a representation that a lot of things in this world are improbable and we need a lot of experiences to discover the probable side of all these improbability. Another interesting part of the book is the part where it was mentioned that the loss of biro or ball-point pen brought problems in the world. Notice the comical effect of this part because instead of the starvation, hunger, or political killings, the author focused on a comical problem to create a hilarious effect on the story. It is also evident in the story how incompetence, bureaucracy and selfishness sometimes became the theme of the story. It should be noted how those who care much about finding the answer to life (the philosophers), are actually the ones who are also preventing it from coming to life. They are the ones who seem to be the happiest regarding the seven and a half million years because they will be very much benefited from this ignorance. The extraterrestrials and the aliens are also a big part of the story. The story tells us that aliens really exist and they are actually much more advance than us. It is now a question of whether we are going to believe it what the story tells us or not. According to studies, extraterrestrials are life that originated fro outside the planet earth – which is the only place in the entire universe known to support life. The existence of such life is currently hypothetical because there is not enough evidence to say that there really is life outside the earth. All in all, the story is a masterpiece, one that can touch both end of the spectrum because of its comical absurdity and hidden metaphorical meanings. Definitely a must read.  Reference: Adams, D. (2005). The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy.  Retrieved December 04, 2006, 2006, from http://www.douglasadams.com/creations/0345391802.html
Saturday, October 26, 2019
The Battle :: essays research papers
The Battle      The sun was touching the tree tops as it slowly descended in the horizon. Shadows were cast on the ground. The air was still hot and humid from the midday. A bit of a breeze was beginning to blow from the east sending a slight chill through our spines. We stepped unto the grounds and surveyed our surroundings. The playing field was perfect just like we had all imagined it would be. In the far distance there was woods along with a wide shallow stream. In front there was a field scattered with shields and barricades. We divided into units and went to gather up our gear. With our equipment in hand the whistle blows and friends become foes. Our mission was to survive, be the last team standing, we were to annihilate our opponents. With the signal given the war was under way.      My teammates and I gathered together at our base. There we came up with a battle plan. We were to separate and head in different directions eventually meeting up at an undisclosed location where we would ambush the enemy’s base . After everyone was clear on the objective we split up and went out to battle.      I ran across the field to the nearest shield and collected my thoughts. I could hear the orders being shouted from my fellow comrades in the distance as they engaged in a brawl with the enemy, â€Å"duck, cover, fire, fire†. Soon the brawl ended with a small victory as they scattered out into the sunset. My heart was pounding in my stomach. The sounds of the earth were magnified in my ears. Then it came to me, this was a war, this was life or death. Shoot or be shot, the setting had changed. With the new thoughts in mind I held tightly onto my gun gathered all my strength and courage and charged into battle.      I made my way slowly and quietly into the deep woods, like a recon soldier. My mind and senses were focused on the enemy. As I made my way down the beaten path I spotted movement in a far bush. I dropped to the ground and pushed my body flat against the cold earth. After a few seconds of silence I knew that I had not been seen. I crawled around the bush so I could see my pray. She sat there so still she blended in with the green color of the leaves.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Disorders
The research states that in sexual trauma there is a prevalence of consequent axis II disorders, especially Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) as well as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUDS) (Yen et al. , 2002). This heavy correlation between PTSD, borderline personality disorder and substance abuse disorder, create complications in treatment (Ross, Dermatis, Levounis, and Galanter, 2003). The goal of the present paper is three-fold.First, it aims at reviewing current research and theoretical frameworks which are designed to measure the degree of the relationship between PTSD and BPD. It is also sought to trace how it is possible by seeing to the correlation to avoid or neutralize further psycho social problems while reducing harm in substance abuse prevention. Second, the researcher plans to analyze the implications of how failure to address these dynamics in reducing harm and treating co-occurring disturbances may further delay treatment and cr eate relapse.Finally, there is an analysis of the methodologies employed in the treatment theories presented. A particular emphasis is made on the Integrative Treatment Approach suggested by Najavits (2002) and the Dialectical Behavioural Therapy developed by Lineham (1993). The researcher attempts to explain how these theories influenced the understanding of this dilemma. Before proceeding to the first point, it is necessary to clarify the main theoretical concepts, such as BPD and PTSD.Speaking popularly, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is â€Å"a normal response to an abnormal event†(Schiraldi, 2000, p. 3). Being categorized by the American Psychiatric Association as one of the anxiety disorders, it is typically caused by either or several of the three types of traumatic events: Intentional Human causes, Unintentional Human causes, or Acts of Nature. The presence of the stressor as part of the diagnosis differentiates PTSD from other disorders and makes it a uniquel y complex phenomenon.Besides an exposure to the stressful event, American Psychiatric Association in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (1994, paraphrased in Schiraldi, 2000) lists another four PTSD criteria: persistent (more than one month) re-experiencing of the trauma (this category of symptoms is titled â€Å"intrusive memories†in Johnson, 2004), persistent (more than one month) avoidance of trauma-associated stimuli and suppression of general responsiveness (â€Å"avoidance behavior according to Johnson, 2004), persistent (more than one month) symptoms of hyperarousal (or, according to Johnson, 2004, â€Å"hypervigilance†), and disruption of psychological and functional equilibrium. In its turn, Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) from the viewpoints of attachment theory and developmental psychopathology is defined as â€Å"a highly prevalent, chronic, and debilitating psychiatric problem†associated with the fo llowing symptoms: â€Å"a pattern of chaotic and self-defeating interpersonal relationships, emotional lability, poor impulse control, angry outbursts, frequent suicidality, and self-mutilation†(Levy, 2005, p. 259).Kernberg (2004), who considered the organization of the personality to be crucially determined by affective responses as displayed under conditions of peak affect states, listed â€Å"identity diffusion and the †¦ predominance of primitive defensive operations centering on splitting†among the key symptoms of this psychological dysfunction noting that they are accompanied by â€Å"the presence of good reality testing†(p. 99). The researcher meant that although the patient imagined himself living in the paranoid and distorted reality, he differentiated between the self and other objects. It is true that many current researchers acknowledge the correlation between PTSD and BPD, the latter being treated as one type of personality disorders (PDs). Bremner (1999) conceptualized BPD as fitting to the psychiatric disorders associated with traumatic stress.From this perspective, an exposure to traumatic events and consequent stress affected structural and functional aspects of the brain so that stress-related psychiatric dysfunctions were developed. The viewpoint was supported by McGlashan et al. (2000) who as relying on the results of a descriptive, prospective, longitudinal, repeated-measures study of a clinical sample of four representative DSM-IV personality disorders called The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study (CLPS) (N = 571) found a high rate of Axis II/II overlap. To specify, PTSD and BPD co-existed in almost a half of the sample. To be even more specific, Yen et al.(2002) conducted a longitudinal, prospective, naturalistic, multisite and cross-sectional study to analyze the correlation of the aforementioned two Axis II disorders within the population of 668 individuals between the ages of 18 and 45 years. Twenty-five percent of those participants (N = 167) exhibited BPD symptoms. Furthermore, BPD participants more often suffered from lifetime PTSD than patients with any other form of PDs (51% of those 191 individuals who reported of a history of traumatic exposure). Overall, Yen et al. (2002) hypothesized that BPD symptoms trigger vulnerability for traumatic exposure which is the key characteristic of PTSD. Bolton, Mueser, and Rosenberg (2006) observed that between 25% and 56% of individuals with BPD exhibit symptoms of current PTSD as compared to approximately 10% of other patients.Upon analysis of the two studies – the index one involving 275 mentally impaired inpatient and outpatient individuals with PTSD (30 patients with BPD among them) and the replication one involving 204 patients (20 people with BPD among them), the researchers stated that comorbid diagnoses of BPD and PTSD were associated with higher rates of severe anxiety and depression. Ross, Dermatis, Levou nis, and Galanter (2003) cited empirical evidence of comorbid PDs being highly associated with Substance Use Disorder (SUDS) in approximately 50% of the samples. They also shared a viewpoint that stress-related dysfunctions predicted worse treatment outcomes, for example, poorer psychosocial functioning, increase drug use, and lower retention rates.In a course of the eight-month research in a specialized inpatient dual diagnosis unit at a public hospital, the researchers observed the population of 100 patients, among which 53% displayed some kind of PDs. Seventy-four percent of the interviewees were targeted as having BPD, whereas twenty-five percent exhibited PTSD symptoms. Patients with comorbid disorders (dual and triple diagnoses) were more likely to abuse substance use (33% – alcohol; 32% – polysubstance; 25% – cocaine; 21% – cannabis; and 13% – heroin). Consequently, such individuals had more inpatient admissions and more severe symptom profi les than the ones with a single diagnosis. The difference between people with the single-, dual- and triple diagnoses was extremely evident in after-hospitalization treatment. Ross et al.(2003) argued that comorbidity of PDs as accompanied by SUDs should put the clinicians on alert as such individuals needed to be guided â€Å"at this critical junction†(p. 275) of a transition from the in- to out-patient environments so that they would be aware of the necessity to comply with after-care therapy. II†¦ The concluding section is dedicated to the analysis of the two innovative and effective therapeutic approaches to treating PDs as combined with SUDs: first, the Dialectical Behavioural Therapy developed by Lineham (1993) and, second, the Integrative Treatment Approach suggested by Najavits (2002). The former approach fits into the problem-solving therapeutic paradigm which is praised for the treatment allowing wide amplification and being clinically effective.Its core assum ption is that antisocial and inadequate behavioral patterns are explained by the scarcity of patients’ psychological resources to cope with their problems in an alternative acceptable manner. Lineham’s Dialectical Behavioural Therapy differentiates from other problem-solving alternatives in its particular attention to the effect of a specific diagnosis on the course of treatment and its extensive preventive measures against poor attendance. Linehan compared the outcomes of her dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) to the ones of standard outpatient-care methods to find that the ratio of patients who continued treatment with the assistance of a single therapist increased from 42 to 83 percent. The approach utilizes a range of cognitive-behavioural therapeutic techniques as based on a dialectic philosophy.On the one hand, the patient is helped to value his/her self as a precious and integrative phenomenon by eliminating the feelings of guilt, self-abomination and neglect . On the other hand, a therapist assists an individual with multiple disorders in finding stimuli for change. The core concept of the approach is the â€Å"skill†which is defined as â€Å"cognitive, emotional, and overt behavioral (or action) response repertoires together with their integration, which is necessary for effective performance†(Linehan, 1993, p. 329). The scholar described the four broad modules of skills: (1) mindfulness, (2) interpersonal effectiveness, (3) emotion regulation, and (4) distress tolerance.To proceed, the pioneer of this method listed three categories of skills training procedures: (1) skills acquisition, (2) skill strengthening, and (3) skill generalization. An introduction of new skills occurs at the first stage. At the further stages, a patient learns to manage the freshly acquired skills and project them onto the everyday environment. The Integrative Treatment Approach suggested by Najavits (2002) was designed specifically for treatin g PTSD and substance abuse. Therefore it is especially valuable for helping patients with multiple diagnoses. This therapeutic technique is a present-focused one so far as it helps patients to free themselves from the past traumatic experiences and enables them to practice in acquiring safety from trauma/PTSD and substance abuse.Being equally effective for single patients and groups of various backgrounds, Najavits’ methodology relies on the five principles. First, individuals with multiple disorders are stimulated to value safety as the main life goal in regard to relationships, thinking, behavior, and emotions. Second, they are guided into the integrated course of treatment, during which several dysfunctions are seen to at once. Third, individuals are helped in designing ideals to balance against the loss of ideals resulting in PTSD and substance abuse. Fourth, a range of exercises includes cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, case management practice. Finally, the method heavily relies on clinicians’ activities.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Advocacy and the Mentally Ill
When needed medical treatment Is not made available, those ho suffer often end up homeless, and frequently cycle In, and out of the Judicial system because their behavior is mistaken as criminal instead of as a mental illness that can be treated given proper services are provided. Traditional Advocacy Services Advocating services for the mentally ill most often involve raising awareness by influencing legislation to make policy changes through educating the public about the facts of mental illness and rebuffing common stereotypes and negative views often associated with mental illness.The effort is typically centered on changing rent and ineffective policies so proper treatment and equal opportunities can be provided to those who suffer. Putting pressure on policy-makers for increased support, â€Å"denouncing stigma and discrimination, and fighting for improved services†(World Health Organization, 2003, p. 3) are common services for advocating for the mentally ill. Barriers to Service Delivery Numerous barriers exist that continue to affect delivery of needed services for the mentally ill.Many of those barriers relate to lack of available mental health services, or the inability to pay because of rising out of pocket expenses. Quite often there Is no link made between mental health and physical health. Mental health is not regarded with the same importance as physical health which often results in misdiagnosis or lack of any diagnosis. Stigma attached to mental illness affects service delivery by causing exclusion and lack of adequate mental health policy implementation.Although some of these barriers are now easier to overcome than decades past, they still exist today requiring Increased advocacy efforts toward education and awareness In effort to change the perceptions of society on mental Illness. Advocacy Services Available There are numerous advocacy services available ranging from services that advocate for the same basic rights those who do not suffer from mental illness receive. For example, Advocates Inc. Was founded in 1995 to assist the mentally ill homeless secure housing by offering legal advice and assistance as well as clinical referrals, and finding benefit entitlements (Advocates, Inc. N. D. ). Active Minds is an organization devoted to stamping out societal stigmas attached to mental illness, as well as nurturing and inspiring future â€Å"generations of mental health advocates†(Active Minds, 2013). Lastly, and possibly the largest and most well- known advocacy organizations is the National Alliance on Mental Illness, otherwise known as NAME, which offers a number of advocacy services including addiction treatment, services that fight against budget cuts that put tremendous strain on providing proper mental health services, as well as unemployment services Just to name a few (NAME, 2014).Emerging Social Issues Preventing Service Delivery Some of the major emerging social issues preventing service deliver y to those offering from mental illness relate to factors in the workplace which prevent promotion, and workplace issues that have a large impact on the mental health of the employee's within. Companies are beginning to be forced to take a harder look at the workplace environment and how it affects mental health. Steps are slowly integrated to focus on â€Å"promoting good mental health†(Harness & Gabriel, 2000, p. ) in the workplace and new policies are created requiring employers to accept responsibility for a workplace environment which may have a negative effect on an employee's mental health. Integrating new policies that require employers to treat someone suffering from mental illness the same way they treat someone suffering with physical illness has not come easily. A history of overlooking mental illness, or mistaking it for what has often been called â€Å"stress†in the workplace makes the process of helping to change the past negative thoughts often associ ated with mental illness a slow process.In essence, these new policies are requiring organizations to change the way think, which is not always easy given decades of false and misleading information about mental illness. Evolution of Advocacy Advocacy had evolved into its own specialized field Just like medicine and politics, for example. It has gone from centuries past when someone first made the decision that someone needed assistance that person should have been getting but was not, so an idea was put into action to help that person get that assistance. Whatever that need may have been, or that idea or the century may never be known.Maybe a neighbor noticed that his or her widowed neighbor was only able to provide a meal for her children Just a couple times a week. So it was decided that if business owners were asked to offer up one five cents a week, that widow would be able to feed her children daily. This may be a long example; nevertheless, it could possibly be the first Huma n Services effort at advocacy. Today, it has expanded to a relentless effort for equal rights for members of society who may have physical or mental disadvantages and thereby labeled â€Å"different by society for centuries.Because of this labeling, the opportunities and rights of these individuals have been â€Å"different,†unequal, and unfair. These indifference's have become normal and almost unrealized to members of society who are unaffected. Of the few who are unaffected, but do realize these rights that are withheld from certain individuals, we helping themselves possess the same opportunities, and quality of life that anyone else it entitled too. As long as there is a person who does not have access to anything in life that someone else has, but should, advocacy will continue to evolve and change lives.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
WRITE YOUR BEST CUSTOM ESSAY TODAY!
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Monday, October 21, 2019
How is Othellos and Desdemonas relationship portrayed in Act 2, scene 1 from line 171- 205 Essays
How is Othellos and Desdemonas relationship portrayed in Act 2, scene 1 from line 171- 205 Essays How is Othellos and Desdemonas relationship portrayed in Act 2, scene 1 from line 171- 205 Paper How is Othellos and Desdemonas relationship portrayed in Act 2, scene 1 from line 171- 205 Paper Act 2, Scene 1 starts off with a harsh storm indicating a symbol of unrest and of discord to come. It has destroyed the Turkish fleet and separated the Venetian ships. Cassio’s ship arrives in Cyprus first, then Iago and Desdemona join him. They wait for Othello. Finally, his ship arrives and Desdemona is very relived. They prepare a celebration. Othello’s reunion with Desdemona highlights their mutual love and affection. There is a mix of tones set in this scene; at first the tone is apprehensive as Desdemona is waiting for Othello anxiously. When he arrives, the tone is joyous since they’ve won against the Turks. Othello highlights the equality in their relationship by calling Desdemona â€Å"my fair warrior†. The noun â€Å"warrior†, Othello associates her with his own military role and recognises that she’s put herself in danger by taking part in the masculine affair of war. The use of the possessive pronoun â€Å"my†is intimate and suggests he owns her. This is combined with the adjective â€Å"fair†which is very flattering so it appears Othello is faithful and loving towards Desdemona. Similarly, Desdemona highlights the love in her relationship by calling him â€Å"my dear Othello! †Again, the possessive pronoun â€Å"my†suggests she owns him, which is proceeded by the adjective â€Å"dear†implying her affection towards him. Also the exclamation suggests how nervous she was whilst waiting for his arrival. Othello dominates the conversation since Desdemona does not speak much within this passage. He uses the imperative â€Å"come Desdemona†showing that he is alternating between his private life and public life. He chooses to go off with Desdemona rather than celebrate his victory over the Turks. This shows that his love for her is greater than celebrating with his team and would rather spend his time with his wife. Despite the scandal of marrying outside their race, Othello and Desdemona initially appear happy and in love. Their courtship was mutual and their meeting in this act reveals the intensity of their relationship. Othello seems overcome with happiness: â€Å"I cannot speak†¦ it is too much of joy†. Additionally, Othello’s excesses of emotion are clear after his arrival in Cyprus – he says he’s â€Å"most happy†. The superlative â€Å"most†conveys how happy he is winning against the Turks and his â€Å"soul hath her content so absolute†these strong feelings hint about his loving relationship with Desdemona. He wants her to be as happy as he is to have her in his life. Shakespeare uses the personification of these four words, â€Å"O, my soul’s joy,†tell us that this beautiful Venetian girl has brought great joy, felicity, and bliss to the very depths of Othello’s soul. The repetition of ‘soul’ and ‘joy’ is used throughout this passage conveying the exquisite beautiful love that has come to a thoughtful, earnest man is indescribably impressive. For him it is â€Å"heaven†on earth. Othello tells Desdemona that â€Å"if after every tempest come such calms, may the wind blow till they have wakened death†. This image is prophetic – a greater ‘storm’ is about to hit their relationship as Iago puts his plan into action. Thus line also hints that death will â€Å"wakened†by the end of the play. There is imagery of death through the words of â€Å"die†, â€Å"fear†, â€Å"death†and â€Å"hell†suggesting the relationship will fall apart due to Iago. The semantic field of death portrays an image of what will happen later on in the play making the audience uneasy. Shakespeare includes different type of sentence structure. In this passage, Othello and Desdemona use long, compound sentences: â€Å"and this, and this, the greatest discords be that e’er our hearts shall make. †Using long sentence convey their love towards each other as they explain their feelings to one another. Shakespeare also includes rules of conversations; adjacency pairs are used, such as when Desdemona says â€Å"the heavens forbid but that our loves and comforts should increase, even as our days to grow†, to which Othello replies â€Å"amen to that, sweet powers! †This shows that both of them are loving towards each other, as they are obeying turn-taking and Grice’s maxim on quantity. However, Iago breaks the adjacency pair by interrupting â€Å"O, you are well tun’d now! But I’ll set down the pegs that make this music, as honest as I am†and Othello replies with a short imperative â€Å"come, let us to the castle. It is evident that Iago is not respectful as he is impatient for them to finish their conversation and so he disrupts the conversation allowing the play to move on. In conclusion, Shakespeare uses several techniques to show the relationship between Othello and Desdemona in this passage. Love and affection is used throughout, particularly when Othello says he has â€Å"found great love†and is â€Å"most happy†. Furthermore, Shakespeare uses imagery, affectionate mode of addresses, imperatives and adjacency pair to show love within the relationship.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
7 Active Reading Strategies for Students
7 Active Reading Strategies for Students Active reading techniques can help you stay focused and retain more information, but its a skill that takes time and effort to develop. Here are some strategies to help you get started right away. 1. Identify New Words Most of us develop a bad habit of glossing over words that are vaguely familiar to us, often not even realizing we are doing so. When you read a difficult passage or book for an assignment, take a few moments to really observe challenging words. You will likely find that there are many words that you think you know- but that you can’t really define. Practice by underlining every noun or verb that you cannot replace with a synonym. Once you have a list of words, write the words and definitions in a logbook. Revisit this log several times and quiz yourself on the words. 2. Find the Main Idea or Thesis As your reading level increases, the complexity of your material will likely increase as well. The thesis or main idea may no longer be provided in the first sentence; it may instead be located in the second paragraph or even the second page. Finding the thesis is crucial to comprehension. You’ll need to practice finding the thesis of the text or article each time youre reading. 3. Create a Preliminary Outline Before you dive into reading the text of a difficult book or chapter, take some time to scan the pages for subtitles and other indications of the structure. If you don’t see subtitles or chapters, look for transition words between paragraphs. Using this information, you can craft a preliminary outline of the text. Think of this as the reverse of creating an outline for your essays and research papers. Going backward in this way helps you absorb the information you are reading. Your mind will, therefore, be better able to â€Å"plug†the information into the mental framework. 4. Read With a Pencil Highlighters can be overrated. Some students commit highlighter overkill and end up with a sloppy multi-colored mess. Sometimes it’s more effective to use a pencil and sticky notes when you write. Use the pencil to underline, circle, and define words in the margins, or (if you’re using a library book) use sticky notes to mark a page and a pencil to write specific notes to yourself. 5. Draw and Sketch No matter what type of information you’re reading, visual learners can always create a mind map, a Venn diagram, a sketch, or a timeline to represent the information. Start by taking a clean sheet of paper and creating a visual representation of the book or chapter you’re reading. Youll be amazed by the difference this will make for retaining information and remembering details. 6. Make a Shrinking Outline A shrinking outline is another useful tool for reinforcing the information that you read in a text or in your class notes. To make a shrinking outline, you need to re-write material you see in your text (or in your notes). While it is a time-consuming exercise to write out your notes, it is also a very effective one. Writing is a necessary part of active reading. Once you have written out a few paragraphs of material, read it over and think of one keyword that represents an entire paragraph’s message. Write that keyword in the margin. Once you have written several keywords for a long text, go down the line of keywords and see if each word will prompt you to remember the full concept of the paragraph it represents. If not, re-read the paragraph and choose a more accurate keyword. Once every paragraph can be recalled by a keyword, you can begin to create clumps of keywords. If necessary (e.g. if you have a lot of material to memorize) you can reduce the material again so that one word or acronym helps you remember the clumps of keywords. 7. Read Again and Again Science tells us that we all retain more when we repeat a reading. It’s good practice to read once for a basic understanding of the material, and read at least one more time to grasp the information more thoroughly.
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Colonization in China and India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Colonization in China and India - Essay Example Hence, our group somehow ruled the school population. Definitely my group's feat in school cannot match the real colonizers back in the 18th and 19th century when European conquistadors settled in foreign lands where their galleons docked, eventually migrated to that place and shared their knowledge to the natives. This word used to be the "in" thing among the rich empires almost three centuries ago. European countries spearheaded colonialism, adding more states and territories to their naturally rich metropolis. "Colonizers generally dominate the resources, labor, and markets of the colonial territory and may also impose socio-cultural, religious and linguistic structures on the conquered population ("Colonialism")." Today, most of the countries were once a colony of Europe or America. A number of decolonized country can be found in Asia, take China and India. According to history books and encyclopedias, ever-changing dynasty rule has weakened China. "The first reliable historical Chinese dynasty is the Shang, which settled along the Yellow River in eastern China from the 18th to 12th century BC ("China")." Invasions by other states soon followed to unseat the Shang. Such wars continued to overthrow one dynasty after the other. "Regime change was often violent and the new ruling class usually needed to take special measures to ensure the loyalty of the overthrown dynasty." Because of the unstable imperial regime, "European countries and the United States exploited the weakness of China." However, the world's super powers still "maintained a so-called international concessions in China, a sort of colonial enclave; the coastal towns of Macau and Hong Kong (Student's Surname) 3 were held on long-term leases by Portugal and the United Kingdom." On 1843, United States President John Tyler wrote a missive to Chinese Emperor Dao Guang, expressing the desire to broaden the trading system between the two countries. US President Tyler wrote, "let the people trade not only at Canton, but also at Amoy, Ningpo, Shanghai, Fuhchan, and all such other places as may offer profitable exchanges both to China and the United States provided they do not break your laws nor our laws ("Letter")." Apart from the US, Britain also took advantage of this scheme. As written in Chinese history, it was this time that China "awoke to the significance of the rest of the world, particularly the West." However, as China opened up to foreign trade and missionary activity opium became available. Two Opium Wars with Britain weakened the Emperor's control." But not all
Friday, October 18, 2019
Identify major Islamic eras and key figures in Islamic history who Essay
Identify major Islamic eras and key figures in Islamic history who have had the greatest impact on the Muslim faith and on world - Essay Example The mortal occupation by the Prophet was followed by Abu Bakr who was the first of the four caliphs accepted by Sunni Muslims as the vastly guided caliphs (al-khulafa al-rashidun). Abu Bakr was regarded as a man of great sanctity and piety who ruled religiously during his political reign in two years despite intermittent blunders and biased verdicts. Abu Bakr’s reign was marred with strong forces of Arab tribalism group that threatened to break up the political unity created by the Prophet. However, Abu Bakr was incredibly successful in suppressing the tribal waves and preserved the unity of the newly founded political entity in Medina. The second caliph, Umar who was considered by the Sunnis as the most successful caliph reigned between 13/634 and 23/644 with a great record of preserving the unity of Islamic state and spreading it to other states. Umar , who remarkably lived a life of simplicity and austerity, successfully captured Jerusalem whilst showing immense respect to the houses of worship of the Jews and Christians. He further made history in spreading Islam in various countries such as Persia Syria, and North America. Umar was later succeeded by Uthman who was chosen through consensus of the community elders from 23/644 to 35/656 ensured wealth influx in Medina and the rest of Arab territory. Uthman’s administration was flawed nepotism claims which ws evident when he appointed his relative Muawiyah governor of Syria. In his reign, Uthman caused uprising against himself, which eventually led to his death. Muawiyah later moved against Uthman’s successor thus precipitating the division of the body politic that continued to date. Ali did not rule for a long period because of civil strife and wars on various borders that were led by his Shiah followers against Quraysh and his companions Talha and Zubayr. Ali afterward moved capital of Islam to Kufa in Iraq where he had many followers and confronted Syrians who did not like him. Althoug h Ali was successful in this Siffin battle, the Syrians came with Qurans in their hands pleading for arbitration, which was easily accepted by Ali. The movement of Islamic capital to Kufa led to permanent departure of political and cultural centre from Arabia though the religious centre continued to remain in Hejaz. Umayyads, after Ali’s death, ruled from central Asia to Spain and France for a long time but were confronted by efforts to restore power of aristocracy of Mecca and Bedouin rebellion against central authority and Shiite dissent. Abd al-Malik later restored peace and was preferred by both sides. Non-Arabs who believed that Umayyad were Arabs brought a fierce resistance. The Persian general led by Banu Abbas captured Damascus with the help of Persian supporters. However, the Muslim Spanish was established by one of the Umayyad thus maintaining the golden age of Muslim rule in Spain. Abbasids rule later marked the classical Islamic civilization by preserving the Isla mic empire, unity, Islamizing many institutions, and maintained caliphs. During Abbasids reign, Baghdad became the greatest Islamic cultural centre. Renowned Abbasid caliphs’ Harun al-Rashid and al-Ma’mun were the greatest patrons of arts and sciences. At this period, Islamic beliefs and knowledge started to grow such as codification of Shari’
A Multitude of Dilemma in the Global Economy Essay
A Multitude of Dilemma in the Global Economy - Essay Example Ethical codes were made by companies to safe guard the integrity of their organizations. Not only did ethics direct and guide companies in making decisions that are morally acceptable by the society it also opened doors for companies to be marketed and patronized by the society. But ethical decisions are not always as easy to attain for there are factors that could affect decision making skills of an individual whether an ethical or unethical decision is being made. This paper will cover ethics and integrity, ethical marketing strategy and the factors that affect ethics in a work place. Key word: ethics, integrity, factors, companies, marketing strategy Ethics and Integrity: A multitude of dilemma of employees in the global economy Every person spends almost half of his life learning. Parents invest and send their children to school so that at the very end of the school years a new breed of educated people is set loose along the adult world. Have people ever wondered that it is not j ust out of love but of security that parents make sure their kid gets the best education there is? And what could be the bottom line? Better education gets better job opportunities. And after setting loose in the vast world of economic arena the aim is now to find a better job, if not the best all parents have dreamt of for their children. Some say getting the best job feels even longer than the years spent in education. And it seems that the best jobs are like elusive prize after a hard fought battle in the job hunting arena. And then there it goes the end of the rainbow is the job hunters ever coveted. The hunting stopped but the making a mark and finding a personal meaning in the job, and eventually conquering, has just started. A good job requires a field of action wherein a person can put his best capacities to work and that there is essence in what he does; there is an effect in the world. People value work for the many wonderful gains people get from working or doing their jo b just right. Work brings food on the table, work pays the bills, work provides budget for leisure and other fun activities, and work gives personal and social satisfaction to a person. All these things are just a few of the many positive things a person can attribute to having a particular work. In the global economy today different kinds of work have sprouted from all kinds of fields of industry- textile, food, manufacturing, computer technology and many more. The world is a vast economic arena with many competitors and stakeholders participating in its global performance. The success of every company lies in the best marketing strategy to make it sell like hot cakes in the middle of a variety to choose from. And the best marketing strategy is something that helps a company achieve a sustainable movement towards the economic stress. And amidst the many choices of companies and industries to choose from every company must put their best foot forward in order to have the edge over t he rest. Some companies stick to what is right while others stick to their goals no matter how to achieve
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Concept of beauty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Concept of beauty - Essay Example According to Winckelmann, Greek painting and sculpture was not too preferred or admired. However, the few who admired had great taste, leading to the endorsement of the works of Correggio in making the windows that covered the royal stables in Stockholm (Winckelmann, 3). There was an endorsement of some foreign artists who introduced foreign designs such as the Saxony. These foreigners had great tastes in their work and incorporated natural beauty, leading to the endorsement of their works that led to their firm establishment in Greek land (Winckelmann, 3). The strategy of gathering and display of great international artworks was used in the perpetuation of art, though it was brought down by the great works of Greek art masters that were imitated by many other artists in their artworks and sculpture (Winckelmann, 5). Winckelmann describes nature as the source of the purest art that was further advanced by many artists to increase tastes and preferences. He termed these types of artis ts as lucky, thereby asserting that good tastes in natural beauty originated from ancient Greek nature and history (Winckelmann, 5). ... This is portrayal of the perfect rules of art. Winckelmann emphasizes that there are clear negligence in any of the works by Greek artists, such as the addition of the dolphin to Medicean Venus combined with the playing children (Winckelmann, 7). Connoisseurs and imitators describe nature beauty as the most beautiful in the Greek masterpieces with some perfect additional forms of beauty (Winckelmann, 7). The ancient artworks are described as made by the mind lone, as per the teachings of an ancient interpreter of Plato. Winckelmann described the most beautiful being resembled of the Greek body as it resembled his/her sibling (Winckelmann, 7). The design of the Greek clothing was in accordance to the formative beauty of nature (Winckelmann, 9). According to Burke, artistic tastes and preferences depend on the reasoning levels in each individual (Burke, 19). He stated that there is diversity in reasoning, on the concept of beauty, though there are standards of reasoning and taste that are similar in all human creatures. On Burke’s argument to contrast beauty ideology to the concept of the sublime, he beauty as taking a hold on reason, passion or taste in order to maintain ordinary or natural correspondents of life (Burke, 19). This meant the definition of the beauty concept as dependent on the truth or falsehood in the terms of natural beauty. According to Burke, there is the settlement of certain maxims of right reasoning in the most ignorant humans, in the terms of beauty tastes and preferences. There must be improvement of the rude science of ignorance by the learned, through a system (Burke, 20). Difference in opinion is considered to have no important consequences due to the logic of taste,
Chapter 9 A and B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Chapter 9 A and B - Essay Example However, there was a remarkable transformation after the 1960’s. For example, Japan turned its World War II defeat into a stepping stone for postwar economic success (East Asia 368). In the years that followed, Japan experienced economic growth that was above that of china. Consequently, it was considered an economic engine for the world and even rivaled the United States economy. On the other hand, after 1972 china started to experience economic success. This was after it opened doors for bilateral talks with the United States. Currently, East Asia act as the most active region in the global economy, it is changing the world in different ways. On the other hand, East Asia is mainly composed of mainland in terms of total land area. However, the role played by islands and its people in forging realms regional geography has been tremendous. This region has also been dominated by conflicts of water between the mainland and the islands (East Asia 369). In fact, the Japanese and Ch inese have been arguing over the ownership of islands in these waters. This is because of the vast oil deposits and the fishing grounds. Sometimes china is referred to as being East Asia. This is because it is the prominent country in this area in terms of population and has played a massive role in the world affairs (East Asia 369). However, there are other political entities in the East Asia. They include Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan (East Asia 369). However, Taiwan is referred as part of china while North Korea is viewed as a failed state. China has been defined by the four famous rivers system. This is in together with their basins, valleys, deltas, and estuaries. However, the most notable are the Huang He. This makes a large loop around the Ordos Desert and then flows into Bohai Gulf, and the Yangzi River (East Asia 372). This river with its tributaries forms the source of water ideal for most of the activities in the capital of china. There is also Yan gzi River in the Chang Basin in china. These two rivers originate in the snowy mountains of the Qing-Hai-Xizang Plateau (East Asia 372). The other two rivers have a shorter distance. However, one of the rivers (Xi River) forms an estuary that acts as the greatest center for China globalization. Additionally, there is another river known as Liao. China, for a long time, has been controlled by dynasties. At these dynasties, China area continued to expand and at the same time decreasing. On the other hand, China had Qing Empire as the largest. However, the empire became weak at its final stage. This is because it was confronted by the imperial powers such as Europeans, Russians, and Japanese (East Asia 376). The collapse of China Empire paved way for the revolutionary China and charismatic leader named Sun Yat-sen led this (East Asia 377). The nationalistic blamed the authorities for China woes. Consequently, they attacked the emperor’s garrison all over China, and this resulted in the fall of Qing Dynasty (East Asia 378). This was followed by the formation of China Communist. Initially, the nationalist cooperated with the imperial authority. However, after Chiang Kai-shek rise to power, all the foreigners fled China. On the other hand, Japan has played a significant historical role in East Asia. Since the seventeen century, Japan policy was on isolation. In fact, contact with the outside world was of a limited nature. However, the Meiji Restoration dropped the policy. This regime
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Concept of beauty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Concept of beauty - Essay Example According to Winckelmann, Greek painting and sculpture was not too preferred or admired. However, the few who admired had great taste, leading to the endorsement of the works of Correggio in making the windows that covered the royal stables in Stockholm (Winckelmann, 3). There was an endorsement of some foreign artists who introduced foreign designs such as the Saxony. These foreigners had great tastes in their work and incorporated natural beauty, leading to the endorsement of their works that led to their firm establishment in Greek land (Winckelmann, 3). The strategy of gathering and display of great international artworks was used in the perpetuation of art, though it was brought down by the great works of Greek art masters that were imitated by many other artists in their artworks and sculpture (Winckelmann, 5). Winckelmann describes nature as the source of the purest art that was further advanced by many artists to increase tastes and preferences. He termed these types of artis ts as lucky, thereby asserting that good tastes in natural beauty originated from ancient Greek nature and history (Winckelmann, 5). ... This is portrayal of the perfect rules of art. Winckelmann emphasizes that there are clear negligence in any of the works by Greek artists, such as the addition of the dolphin to Medicean Venus combined with the playing children (Winckelmann, 7). Connoisseurs and imitators describe nature beauty as the most beautiful in the Greek masterpieces with some perfect additional forms of beauty (Winckelmann, 7). The ancient artworks are described as made by the mind lone, as per the teachings of an ancient interpreter of Plato. Winckelmann described the most beautiful being resembled of the Greek body as it resembled his/her sibling (Winckelmann, 7). The design of the Greek clothing was in accordance to the formative beauty of nature (Winckelmann, 9). According to Burke, artistic tastes and preferences depend on the reasoning levels in each individual (Burke, 19). He stated that there is diversity in reasoning, on the concept of beauty, though there are standards of reasoning and taste that are similar in all human creatures. On Burke’s argument to contrast beauty ideology to the concept of the sublime, he beauty as taking a hold on reason, passion or taste in order to maintain ordinary or natural correspondents of life (Burke, 19). This meant the definition of the beauty concept as dependent on the truth or falsehood in the terms of natural beauty. According to Burke, there is the settlement of certain maxims of right reasoning in the most ignorant humans, in the terms of beauty tastes and preferences. There must be improvement of the rude science of ignorance by the learned, through a system (Burke, 20). Difference in opinion is considered to have no important consequences due to the logic of taste,
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
COURSEWORK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
COURSEWORK - Essay Example Counseling can help if used early on. Above all, a teenager that is thinking of suicide just needs someone there for them and is ready to listen. 2. No, I do not believe that information on the Internet about how to synthesize drugs at home should be blocked or censored. The Internet is a platform that should provide free and fair knowledge for everyone. We live in a democracy, so the government should not have the power to censor the Internet. I do believe, however, that people should not try to synthesize drugs at home after checking on the Internet. Not only can information on the Internet prove unreliable, but synthesis is a very complex process that should only be carried out in a safe environment. 3. The clinical features of bipolar I disorder are when someone experiences manic, depressed, and well phases. This differs from bipolar II disorder, where the person does not experience any manic phases. Many experts believe that bipolar I disorder results from genetics factors. Life experiences are not thought to be a cause of bipolar disorders, but they can be a trigger that sets someone off. Mood stabilizers are often used to treat someone who has bipolar disorder, but therapy techniques can also be used in conjunction with drugs. 4. The four different types of people who abuse CNS depressants are those who (1) take drugs to decrease persistent stress, (2) experience jubilation and stimulation, (3) take depressants to counter the negative effects of other drugs, and (4) mix depressants with alcohol and drugs to increase the effects. The first group often attempts to mask their problems by getting clinicians to administer depressants. The second group becomes immune to the negative side effects of depressants and instead feels elated. The third group tries to combat negative side effects of other drugs through the use of depressants. The last group wants to increase the feeling that they get from mixing alcohol and drugs with depressantsâ€â€combining
Public Relations in college Athletics Essay Example for Free
Public Relations in college Athletics Essay Public relations play important role in linking college athletics with other colleges and news media. It represents college athletics related issues to media level. Public relation is responsible for handling all communication and information exchange between the college and athletics and media. It also promotes and develop relations with other colleges and universities.  Public relations will also keep news site updated to keep inform the community about the current issues, updates and goals.  Public relation program will handled all media related inquires, it regularly updates about recent research carried out in the faculty, promote inter-colleges sports and workshops, other promotional programs in the community and many other activities on the campuses.  Public relation facilitates inter-departmental, inter-community and social relations.  Assessment:  College athletic public relations goal is to develop such programs to maintain good public relations with the community and to promote student athletics sports, moral, physical, social and emotional growth. Such programs will keep individuals involve with creative activities and simultaneously promote their social relations with the community, a sense of responsibility and increase their morals.  Plan or board policy in relation to an existing public relations/marking plan or program One of the main purposes of the public relations is to let the students and community learn college rules and regulations and respect it in all circumstances in order to provide well-balanced education and creative skills.  Public relations board will responsible for making new guidelines and policies for people especially parents and guardians to keep them update of regulations and procedures.  Public relations board will develop such policies in order to keep details of all programs and guidelines for the community, guardians and students. The policies must define and update the student’s and communities needs. It must also prepare information regarding programs to give student and guardians full information. Evaluation: According to a recent research (Parry and Hayden, 1993) postgraduate students benefit from the program only when these students are paid attention separately, faculty and departmental staff clearly verify the assistance these students should receive. For recruiting more students in postgraduate program following strategies are needed to be implemented in the new curricula. These strategies are formed after careful analysis of the problems that were faced by the students, which were causing decline in students’ strength in the university. Creative ideas were generated to find out various possible number of solutions for the prevailing problems.  Recruitment and selection of students  There is a need to develop a unique workable policy for accommodating minimum or maximum number of students in the postgraduate program on the basis of preferred recruitment practices and on the university standards to recruit students per class.  There is also a need to start scholarships for students who are unable to pay their full fee.  Technical expertise and competencies in their language should be considered mandatory prior to admission.  Apart from quantitative analysis of students’ recruitment, university should also consider the qualitative approach to recruit students. Thus, admitting those students who are skillful and eligible for the program. And who will prove to be good in giving out results, thus, improving the standards of university in terms of qualitative education.  Audit of an existing safety or crisis prevention plan Staff and supervisors All staff and supervisors should be highly qualified and experienced. Per supervisor and staff, students allocated should be evaluated. Number of supervisor allocated per faculty should be evaluated New developmental strategies for students, supervisors and staff For every student there should be a clear statement for the academic mission of the university and department, research achievements, focus of teaching at the university, discipline rules that are to be followed. Every student should have a clear idea about departmental activities, social and intellectual prospects, facilities, resources, services, support, research facilities, and other procedures. In addition, there should be accommodation facilities, offices for mail typing, laboratory space, technical support, research equipment, computerized infrastructure, photocopying, library facilities, telephone, email and facsimile facilities, research grants and paid work. All above mentioned facilities should be publicized among undergraduate students, who might get interested in taking admission in postgraduate. Recent research showed that postgraduate students find various elements useful such as outline of the research they are taking, opportunity to meet other postgraduates, academics, administrative, technical staff and faculty. Selection of topics should be made easy and should be in consistent with the research facilities and financial resources available in the department. Each student should be guided individually that how they have to conduct research. Each student should be encouraged to acquire specialist assistance in writing thesis, computing, analysis of data, researching in library and archives in the management database. Using recommended assessment techniques,  There should be regular meetings and discussions between the supervisors, other research students for keep check on the progress of work and new innovative ideas that research students might learn from each other. Each student should keep a record of his or her work. Similarly, each supervisor should keep record of their supervision to avoid any misunderstanding between student and the supervisor. There should be brief records of meetings, discussions, deadlines set for the accomplishment of certain task or research work, notes on advice provided to each student, photocopies of other important notes, drafts and student diaries. Working relationship with other students should be kept in harmony. Students should have opportunities to mix socially with other departmental students. There should be network of students to get mixed with each other and learn each other problems, research and learning abilities. Progress of each student should be completely checked. There should be a definite policy to monitor the continuous progress of students. There should be new developmental policies to provide financial assistance for research and other postgraduate students. Each student should keep participating in conferences, seminars and colloquia for sharing their knowledge with other research scholars of the same fields. Create an assessment tool to evaluate a program,  The program’s success depends on individual outcomes, hence, it is important to judge whether these outcomes are worthwhile or just achieved. The desired outcomes of this program are listed below. It will improve motor skills of a student and he would improve his locomotive and perceptual motor skills The program will enhance their learning and memorizing capability. A student will be able to give more attention to his studies. The student will develop better social relations. He would be better off in school and at home. Student’s emotional and psychological development will improve. Emotional problems are usually correlated with his physical, social and cognitive development. But as his cognitive, social and physical development enhances, his emotional development will improve. The program will improve quality of education at school. The student after being trained will have better skills to interact with his environment and will yield better results. The program is cost effective and will safe cost of future problems that may arise due to lack of education and training at this age. The program will speed up student’s cognitive development. The program is not offered for a specific need but it will improve overall development and generalized needs of a student. Teachers and trainers will find it easier to train through this program rather than typical way of teaching. â€Å"Building and modeling caring relationships is crucial to the preservice teachers capacity to receive curricular content and their ability to teach that content to young student.†(Lake, Jones, Dagli, 2004) The program would be able to preserve social and morel values through better education and training of a student. As student are major and most crucial beings in transmitting such values. The program protects student’s right to live and develop to their full potential while benefiting from the environment. References  Lake, Jones, Dagli (2004) Handle With Care: Integrating Caring Content in Mathematics and Science Methods Classes. Journal of Research in Childhood Education Vol. 19, Nos. 1 2, Fall 2004 and Winter 2004 Parry, S. and M. Hayden. 1993. Supervising Higher Degree Research Students. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Monday, October 14, 2019
International marketing activities
International marketing activities International marketing activities are interlinked with a firms corporate goals, objectives and strategy. The overall aims, objectives and strategy of a firm has a great impact on international marketing decisions e.g, whether to enter new uncertain markets and how maximum would be risk that the firm is ready to take or the level of control required over international operations. There is no denying in fact that a persons self reference criterion (SRC) and an associated ethnocentrism are a two primary obstacles to success in international marketing self reference criteria is defined as an unconscious reference to ones own cultural values, experiences and knowledge as a basis for decisions. Ethnocentrism is closely connected to self reference criteria .It can be defined as the nations that ones own culture or company knows best how to do things. Ethnocentrism has been seen particularly a problem in the American managers at the beginning of the 21st century just because of Americas dominance in the world economy during the late 1990s. Ethnocentrism exists in the firms where the managers from affluent countries work with managers and markets which are less affluent. Understanding and dealing with the self reference criteria are two of the most important facets in international marketing. Even though self reference criteria and ethnocentrism provides the ability to firm to understand better a foreign markets in its true light. It is essential for eastern and western marketers to have a knowledge of their cross cultures because if any one from these is not aware, they may evaluate a marketing mix on their respective market experiences (their SRC) without knowing and fully appreciating the cultural differences attaining adaptation .Appropriateness of a domestically designed marketing for a international markets is also of vital importance because its evaluation can be badly effected by SRC. FOR EXAMPLE: (ESSO) ESSO, that is the brand name of gasoline was a successful name in the united states and apparently it would be considered less harmful enough for other foreign countries but if we see in Japan, the name phonetically means â€Å"stalled car†which is strange and is considered as undesirable image of petrol. For marketers to be successful in foreign markets, it is necessary for them to take time and they must know about culture, norms, tastes, traits and behavior of other markets (countries) and also to look beyond their own self reference criteria because this advantage will give them an golden opportunity to make their products or activities successful in cross-cultural or foreign markets. One of the best example of this is given below, FOR EXAMPLE: (Mc vities) A British chocolate biscuits (Mc vities) manufacturer (cookies in American English) used the same approach and got the positive result. The company wanted to introduced the chocolate biscuits (Mc vities) in Japan .So, the company ignored its self reference criteria and introduced the biscuits in different attractive packaging to accommodate the Japanese market, inspite of its real packaging .Thus, in Japan Mc vities were wrapped individually and packed in presentation card board boxes and they were sold in price three times higher than in UK. The cookies are used as special gifts in Japan. FOR EXAMPLE: (UNILEVER) Being a international company Unilever used the same approach in Brazil to introduced its soap which was cheaper enough for Brazilians to buy and more convenient to use. Unilever repackaged and reformulated its detergent for Brazilians ,one of the main reason was the lack of washing machines among poorer Brazilian also they washed their clothes in rivers, and the powder was packaged in plastic bag instead of paper which get soggy immediately. Another reason is that the people of Brazil are price conscious and they buy in small quantities. For their convenience and their affordability the soap was packaged in small, low price packages. FOR EXAMPLE: (Mc Donald) Mc Donald being internationally famous modifies its traditional big mac in India, where it is named as the Maharaja Mac. The burger features the two mutton patties .The reason to modify its meals was a beef. Cow is considered sacred in India and Indians don,t eat beef. Individual persons reference criteria can prevent that marketer from being aware of cross cultural differences but also from recognizing the importance of those differences, hence the result is failure. There should be clear awareness among the marketers that not every activity within a marketing program is different from one country to another county and most probably are more similar than differences. The apparent similarities together with ones self reference criteria often become the cause of international marketing problems. Such a problem can be seen when the â€Å"Vicks†was introduced in Germany. The pharmaceutical companies in Europe introduce their products throughout the whole Europe simultaneously instead of country by country. The reason is that the pharmaceutical companies are familiar with the fact that there are deep-rooted national differences in how people think about health, diseases and their cure. It is the normal practice in United Kingdom and Holland tha t people prefer tablets when taking medicine, in Germany the injections are preferred .Same is the case with the causes of illness, Germans are more conscious and Obsessive about the heart and circulations and thats why the Germans are the Europes largest consumers of heart medicines. In UK, the doctors prefer to look for external agents and then they prescribes antibiotics while on other hand the people in central European countries first give preference to herbal treatments and hot and cold baths considering the antibiotics only as remedies of last resort. (source, Abstracted from Lynn payer, medicine culture New York Henry holt 1988, P.265) CROSS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: It can be defined as a type of analysis of across countries in which the data could be aggregated for each country and these aggregate statistics analyzed is called cross cultural analysis. (Naresh K.Malhotra, David F. Birks, MARKETING RESEARCH, THIRD EUROPEAN EDITION) In order to have a success and to avoid errors in business decisions the knowledgeable marketer will conduct a cross-cultural analysis and will design a frame that will enable him to isolate the self reference criteria influences and issues related to ethnocentrism. The following steps should be taken into account for such an analysis. Define the business problem or goal in home country cultural traits, habits and norms. Define the business problem or goal in foreign country cultural traits, habits or norms through consultation with natives of the target country also make no value judgement Isolate the SRC influence in th problem and examine it carefully to see how it complicated the problem. Redefine the problem without the influence of SRC and solve for the optimum business goal situation. The cross-cultural analysis approach requires an understanding of the culture of not only the foreign markets but also ones own national culture. CULTURE: Culture is always a collective phenomenon, because it is at least partially shared with people who live or lived within the same environment, which is where it was learned. It is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another â€Å"Culture is the sum of the values rituals, symbols, beliefs and thought processes that are learned, shared by the group of people and transmitted from generation to generation†According to Professor Geert Hofstede, culture is defined as the software of mind as it provides a guide for humans on how to think and behave: it is a problem solving tool. For a group of individuals or societies the culture works like a medium to deal properly in a system with problems and matters that relates them. Cultural difference has a great impact on the marketers especially for those who enter for first time to foreign markets. More deep knowledge will help the marketers to notice cultural differences in new markets and to get solutions for changes that occur in future. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE: There are four major significant elements of culture which are as followed. Language Institutions Material productions Symbolic productions Language has played a prominent role in the history of every country and culture of those different countries. Linguist and anthropologist Benjamin Lee Whorf who is a chemical engineer working for a fire insurance company has spent a time on tracing the origins and grammar of American Indian language also he is a author of seminal and controversial hypothesis or whorf-sapir hypothesis. Whorf defends the idea that language that we learn in the respective community where we are born and raised, shapes and structure our world view and our social behavior. Institutional elements are a main bone of the cultural process. The institutions may be the family as well as political institutions or it can be any kind of social organization within which the individual has to work in accordance with rules in exchange for various rewards. In most cultures the first social institutions varies e.g, church, mosque, shirne or temple. As far as the international marketing is concerned the religion has a great impact on culture, so marketers with little or no understanding of cross- cultural religions should take time and think beyond the aspects of their national cultures. The Islamic religion is a good example of the need for a basic understanding of all major religions. The material production range from physical productions as well intellectual productions, artistry and service, these include tools, machines, factories, paper, books, instruments and media of communication, food clothing, ornaments etc. Media is one of the social institutions that most effectively influence the values and norms of any culture Symbolic and sacred elements are the basis for the description o the relations between the physical and the metaphysical world. Productions of culture can not be described only by their physical attributes, as they always comprise of some certain symbolic or sacred dimension. There is no denying in fact that the duties and the roles of the status positions found within a society are badly affected by the dictates of social institutions. FOR EXAMPLE: The election of low caste Hindus in India which were once called an â€Å"untouchable†as the president made international news because it was such a departure from traditional Hindu culture. Similarly, brushing against an untouchable or even starring or looking at one was considered enough to humiliate or insult a Hindu of high status. Since its been a long time that the caste system had been outlawed but it is still a part of the Hindu culture. CULTURE VALUES: The seminal work by Geert Hofstede has contributed a lot in relation to cultural values. After studying more than 90.000 people in 66 countries he concluded that cultures of the nations studied differed in four primary dimensions, also the wide variety of business and consumer behavior patterns are associated with three of four dimensions. Those four dimensions are as followed. Power distance Index (PDI) Uncertainity avoidance Index (UAI) Individualism/ collective Index (IDV) Masculinity/Femininity Index (MAS) Individualism or collective index focuses on self orientation Power distance index focuses on authority orientation Uncertainity avoidance index focuses on risk orientation Masculinity or femininity index focuses on assertiveness and achieveness. CULTURAL KNOWLEDGE : Cultural knowledge are of two types Factual knowledge Interpretive Knowledge The factual knowledge is obvious and must be learned .Different traits, colors and tastes local to a culture are some important facts that a marketer can study in details The interpretive knowledge can be defined as the knowledge or an ability to understand and to admire fully the characteristics, values of different cultural traits and patterns . Apart from other things the marketers should have a spirit of appreciation of how cultures change and accept or reject new ideas.
Saturday, October 12, 2019
Androcentrism Essay -- essays research papers
Androcentrism When I started to think about what to write for this paper I wanted to learn more about androcentrism. Well, I guess I know what it means, but I wanted to see what it means to other people. In Random House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary 2nd Edition the definition for androcentric is centered on emphasizing, or dominated by males or masculine interests. Then I went online and mostly the same definition. The only definition that I found that said anything about women was at http://dictionary.reference .com. It read: centered or focused on men, often to the neglect or exclusion of women. I started to wonder what religious dictionary’s thought of androcentrism. So I looked up some religious dictionaries. After about 10 of them I gave up because I came empty handed. It’s like they didn’t believe it existed. But, to my surprise I did find a definition to androgyny in a few of them. And let’s not forget my personal definition: Men are better than women. A lthough I do not think this is true, that is just how I see androcentrism.      Now I am going to talk about the levels of androcentrism that make the study of religions difficult. I am going to refer a lot to the book Feminism and Religion by Rita M. Gross. The first level of andrcentrism is the history. â€Å"As in the study of contemporary religions, many conventional historians are most interested in those who wielded power, which means that not only women, but other disempowered groups hav...
Friday, October 11, 2019
Ethnicity and Race are significant problems in education
There are many points to be discussed when mentioning to race and ethnicity in instruction, some of the points are in favor of ethnics and minority groups in instruction, whereas some points are against the thought. In this essay, I will show my points for both in favor and against, followed by illustrations and grounds in our mundane lives. One of the points for the thought of cultural minorities in instruction is extinguishing racism from schools and conveying kids up in a multi-cultural environment. For illustration, 30-40-years ago, back when my parents were analyzing in the UK, I know my pa was one of the three people who wore a turban in the whole school, subsequently on this became two people, as he was picked on which so pressured him into cutting his hair. However, in today ‘s twenty-four hours and age there are evidently more cultural minority groups in schools which hence, gives more support and encouragement to other cultural minority groups. So holding multiracial groups whether they are pupils or instructors, has had a immense impact on Asians in peculiar as it had made them to be proud of who they are every bit good as non giving into peer force per unit area. On the other manus this could besides convey in negative encouragement as it could ensue in strong forces in-society or group ties. This could besides use to a functionalism position where they think that an single transmits values and beliefs, where these are indispensable constituents of societal make up and can take into the struggle position as groups in society are engaged in uninterrupted power battle for control of limited resources. Accents have proven to be a big obstruction with respects to cultural minorities in instruction, whether it is understanding both instructor ‘s and a pupil ‘s speech pattern. As we are all cognizant, communicating is a critical accomplishment today. It is non merely indispensable in larning but besides indispensable in maintain relationships. A difference in speech patterns could do a great degree of misinterpretation and the ability to larn at a much slower gait compared to other pupils, therefore impeding a pupil ‘s ability to larn from a instructors point of position, it will be hard and very clip devouring for his/her pupils to understand what is being taught. This could besides ensue in the instructor and/or pupils losing forbearance every bit good as assurance. However, contrary to that, there are many illustrations of some well-established people in the cultural minorities who have made a difference to people ‘s lives, every bit good as besides doing singular alterations to the universe. This highlights another point in favor of holding cultural minorities involved in instruction. For illustration Mahatma Ghandi and Martin Luther King, both preached non force, civil rights and equality. Although these people were non straight involved in instruction, they did hold a portion to play as they were sermonizers and taught wellbeing, which shows that they are instructors in educating people how to populate. Schools have started to learn about other faiths and other races, which mean that people now have a better thought and apprehension of different cultural backgrounds. This has caused peace and friendly relationship between races at school which has resulted in less communicating, less racial cause and force in schools. There are school athleticss squads which encourage all pupils of all backgrounds to take portion in, demoing equality and they are all given opportunities to take part and stand for their schools non based on their coloring material or background, but based on their single endowments, so excess course of study activities are utile and besides promote cultural minorities. Some schools and colleges have now besides built supplication suites to suit people of the Muslim religion. This consequences in instruction and society going multicultural, accepting people of all religions. This thought has a strong component of societal building, back uping an interactionist positio n as society is created through the interactions of persons and groups, where persons portion interpret their experiences which this influences others actions. School ‘s have been learning pupils about other spiritual festivals in other faiths e.g. Diwali and Eid to the extent, some schools bring in particular invitee talkers from the several faiths to acquire a full detailed, descriptive and an accurate overview of their festivals one time once more advancing multi-cultural positions in instruction. As we discussed earlier with respects to speech patterns, a batch is really stereotyped. For illustration we ‘see ‘ an person from the cultural minority and automatically presume what his address is like, what his intelligence is like. However as we have merely discovered, 2 of the universe ‘s greatest leaders have been of cultural beginnings and their speech pattern or them being stereotyped did non forestall them from accomplishing what they have achieved boulder clay day of the month. For case, Margaret Thatcher was the first female premier curate in England ; people thought that merely because she was a adult female, she could non win which they assumed. Again, same with Barack Obama the first African American president, people assumed the same. Persons did non cognize these people or even heard of them, but they still made their judgements and premises. Now, we have female professionals, Black leaders and besides Asiatic enterprisers where each of them are succ essful which leads me on to cite in my sentiment that there is no such thing as sexism or racism any longer. Furthermore, the thought of meritocracy could besides back up this as it theoretically ground tackles in equality and equity to carry through achieved position in society. This is expressed through the belief that there is ‘a flat playing field ‘ and with the purpose of those that achieve the best, merit the best occupations. Class and educational public presentation show a really close relationship, this has been the issue during the twentieth century regardless of how the instruction system has been structured. Students from upper and in-between category backgrounds are well expected to travel into higher instruction than those from the working category backgrounds. This is because some on the job category parents do non stress instruction as a precedence to make good in life compared to upper or middle category parents. This could perchance be the ground why the working category underachieve and be put into lower groups. A known theoretician Bourdieu[ 1 ]specified that in-between category people are those that benefit as they have the right cultural capital, go throughing on civilization and the right attitudes and cognition to their kids, which shows that the more the cultural capital you have, the successful you are within instruction. Marxism could travel against the thought of Bourdieu ‘s cul tural capital, as Marxist believe that the instruction system is barbarous to the working category due to the fact that text books, and necessities for schools are merely bought by upper and middles categories as working category can non afford them ensuing that the working category will non larn. Another factor which affects societal category is labelling. Teachers label pupils harmonizing to their visual aspect, verbal communicating and societal category. From this instructors are more likely to judge a pupil and suit them into standards covertly. Education has encountered race and ethnicity jobs for several old ages. The uninterrupted educational issues affecting race and ethnicity of all schools will ever do contention in society, as there is ever prejudice and abomination. The usage of the two footings ‘race ‘ and ‘ethnicity ‘ is diverse. I think the two footings are misused as if they are equal. I besides agree that ‘race is non now, nor has it of all time been, merely about the physical description of human fluctuation. Since its beginning in Western scientific discipline in the 18th century, race has been used both to sort and to rank human existences harmonizing to inferior and superior types ‘[ 2 ]. Ethnicity is a group of people who are connected with each other through a common heritage for e.g. possibly through linguistic communication, civilization or an political orientation that emphasises lineage or intermarriage. Consequently, these groups of people are distinguished from other groups through signifiers such as racial, lingual, economic, spiritual and political affairs. Racial tenseness and favoritism became more evident towards the terminal of the twentieth century. This evoked important concerns, particularly in schools. Schools, for some are the last halt for social integrating and for others they it is the simplistic reply in decreasing racism and deriving sociableness between White persons and minority groups in society. Many argue that it is unreasonable to locate the duty for get the better ofing racism on the schools, peculiarly when other establishments have non accomplished in promoting better race dealingss. However, schools do hold the capableness to do an of import engagement to the betterment of racial force per unit area in society. Students spend a major fraction of their lives in school until they reach immature maturity. School consciousness takes topographic point at a point in pupils ‘ lives when they are most unfastened to socialization, attitude behavior, character patterned advance and new experiences. While attending at school is compulsory, some pupils are non entertained by school life. Even though schools may non be able to belie the racism that exists in society wholly, they do hold the opportunity and chance to consistently support and besides promote affirmatory societal dealingss towards pupils from all racial cultural groups. I think that for schools to assist sociabl eness and racial integrating pedagogues ought to be cognizant about the limitations and opportunities school policies and practises enforce on pupils about societal relationships. For instructors and decision makers their chief purpose is to give academic accomplishment for pupils, but their patterns and policies they implement to achieve their academic purposes can besides impact the possibility that pupils have multiracial interactions and organize multiracial friendly relationships. It has been shown by sociological research, every procedure of interpersonal attractive forces conducted by the societal descriptions of the background in which the connexions occur. Abolished school shows chiefly an accurate context. These schools have said to hold an cultural and racial composing, unwraping largely the general population. Furthermore, there is non a clear or a precise definition of desegregated schools.[ 3 ] On a day-to-day footing many kids have to cover with particular demands. However, non merely multiracial kids have to pull off with the common jobs of childhood and household fortunes, they besides have to cover with a state of affairs of individuality. It has been said that students that are cultural minority are farther expected to come across racism from other students and from people who are portion of a group of the broader society than from instructors. By any agencies these experiences of racism could worsen necessary letdown and choler from some cultural minority pupils, which teachers must be answered with penalty procedures, likely affecting pupil ‘s exclusion. In this aspect instructors are moving in reply to a state of affairs for which they are non responsible for themselves. I think that there is the slightest possibility that some schools may possibly are now more cognizant of equality of chances jobs and that they have developed and introduced policies in order to raise equality of chances for both cultural minority pupils and females. There are diverse representations for school pupils from different minority cultural groups. Asiatic backgrounds ( Indian, Bangladeshi and Pakistani ) are normally defined by the linguistic communications they speak and for that ground are seen as an bullying, socially every bit good as academically to white kids[ 4 ]. Asiatic and black kids were non deriving the opportunities and advantages from the British instruction system that most parents hoped for in the early 1970 ‘s[ 5 ]. I think that the concern for pupils of Asiatic beginning has fluctuated in some ways compared to black pupils, for illustration they have gained a positive stereotype as ‘perfect pupils ‘ . Cultural minorities are expected to belong to socio-economic groups ; this will therefore increase their educational failing. In 1996 Gillborn and Gipps[ 6 ]conducted a sum-up of the literature on the academic attainment of minority cultural group pupils and resulted that Pakistani and Bangladeshi pupils, in add-on to African-Caribbean beginning were missing in accomplishment in relation to their white equals. However, on the other manus Indian pupils appeared to hold shown patterned advance and performed good compared to their equals. % demoing GCSE achievement five or more higher class base on ballss[ 7 ] Both educational advancement and accomplishments are non the same. It is likely for a figure of groups to do good betterments and yet still carry through lower criterion accomplishments. The belief of the school is of import but societal background is of much larger importance. On the other manus small grounds for different school influences for cultural minorities. This suggests that same schools are chiefly effectual for cultural minority pupils. An intensifying measure of research has determined on schoolrooms and pupil-teacher interactions. The consequences often raise indispensable inquiries sing the manner in which pupils are understanding and sing schooling. It was non until 2003 that the authorities foremost published statistics demoing GCSE pass-rates across different cultural groups. Statisticss show that Indian, Chinese, and African-Asian students systematically have higher degrees of accomplishment than other cultural groups across all the Key Stages. In contrast, Black, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Gypsy/traveller students systematically have lower degrees of attainment than other cultural groups across all the Key Stages. It is critical to recognize that there is major single distinction in accomplishment within each group. Bangladeshi and Black Caribbean pupils will make highly good and several Chinese pupils will non win. Still, authorized consequences were published in November 2007 screening that Black pupils were reasoning the educational spread at GCSE. The statistics of Black Caribbean pupils achieving five sensible General certificate of secondary education has revealed about twice the national rise, meaning that the spread has lessened by 8 % points within four old ages. A point to do about the modern-day instruction system is that the least achieving group in footings of deriving five A*-C classs at GCSE is white propertyless male childs. I think that if bulk of Black pupils are below wining so it certain inquiries sing the instruction system. Institutionally, is the instruction system racialist? Harmonizing to research I think that good and sensible practise in early old ages of instruction should attach learning with cultural and community, besides personal values to organize a ‘shared acquisition brush ‘ between the instructor and the parents of a pupil in order to attest top results for all pupils. Personally, the ‘race concern ‘ can non be dealt within a individual country. The instruction system entirely can non give all the replies, even though it does hold the opportunity and the duty to do critical engagement towards the formation of a better society. Again, instruction in other states, e.g. Africa or India is more of import for the pupil to interrupt out of poorness where the lone manner forward is instruction which will give them accomplishments to break them and finally do a difference. However, here in UK, I feel that pupils take advantage of instruction as it is mandatory and do non appreciate it. Racism is considered as a ‘permanent fixture[ 8 ]‘ of society, accordingly meaning that racism is ever an of import factor within the argument and evidently there it is non required to do comprehendible that it continues. The critical race theory as a consequence seeks to stand for and oppugn racism in its different signifiers. The critical race theory is a manner of looking at race dealingss, particularly in the USA, in a extended context compared to the conventional civil rights. Its intent is to convey uncertainness towards broad thoughts of objectiveness or colour-blindness and come up to proving race affairs which, it claims it can still beef up Whites ‘ reaction. As you can see, many points have been detailed above in relation to race and ethnicity in instruction, both for and against. After careful consideration and analysis, I believe it is better for there to be other races and cultural minorities involved in instruction today. It can be seen that points ‘against ‘ are easy overcome and are therefore negligible in comparing to the points ‘for ‘ . The fact that we have grounds that proves holding a multicultural environment in schools is better for people ‘s assurance and to enabling them to lodge to their cultural beliefs, is a definite ground to back up my sentiment, and goes hand-in-hand with what the great leaders such as Martin Luther King and Mahatma Ghandi taught and lived for. Possible ways of how we can better the ‘race and ethnicity state of affairs ‘ in instruction is by promoting and enabling engagement of ethnics in instruction. This will let doing an betterment to the universe and peoples ‘ every bit good as pupils lives, last but non least it will better the quality of instruction overall. Again, we have seen how large reputable leaders such as Gandhi and Martin Luther King have had a immense presence in the instruction and civil rights countries, and by utilizing them as graven images and illustrations, we can promote more cultural minority groups to step up and makes alterations for the better, demoing equality amongst races.
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